Ubuntu配置LVM服务器
August 2, 2013
安装好系统后，配置主机名，DNS，IP，重启生效。
root@HOSTNAME:~# vim /etc/network/interfaces
auto eth0
iface eth0 inet static
address xxx.xxx.xxx
gateway xxx.xxx.xxx
netmask xxx.xxx.xxxroot@HOSTNAME:~# vim /etc/network/hosts
127.0.0.1 localhost HOSTNAMEroot@HOSTNAME:~# vim /etc/hostname
HOSTNAMEroot@HOSTNAME:~# vim /etc/hostname
search localdomain
nameserver 114.114.114.114
nameserver 8.8.8.8root@HOSTNAME:~# /etc/init.d/networking restart
2.安装lvm2
apt-get install lvm23.配置挂载磁盘为lvm
未挂载硬盘
root@HOSTNAME:~# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda1 52G 1.6G 48G 4% /
udev 16G 4.0K 16G 1% /dev
tmpfs 6.3G 240K 6.3G 1% /run
none 5.0M 0 5.0M 0% /run/lock
none 16G 0 16G 0% /run/shm可以看到有安装新硬盘 /dev/sdb, 大小 214.7 GB
root@HOSTNAME:~# fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 64.4 GB, 64424509440 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 7832 cylinders, total 125829120 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00091105
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 2048 109051903 54524928 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 109053950 125827071 8386561 5 Extended
/dev/sda5 109053952 125827071 8386560 82 Linux swap / Solaris
Disk /dev/sdb: 214.7 GB, 214748364800 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 26108 cylinders, total 419430400 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000
Disk /dev/sdb doesn't contain a valid partition table对 /deb/sdb 进行分区
root@HOSTNAME:~# fdisk /dev/sdb
Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0xc3e2b567.
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
After that, of course, the previous content won't be recoverable.
Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)
Command (m for help): n \\创建新的分区
Partition type:
p primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)
e extended
Select (default p): p \\创建主分区
Partition number (1-4, default 1):
Using default value 1
First sector (2048-419430399, default 2048):
Using default value 2048
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (2048-419430399, default 419430399):
Using default value 419430399
Command (m for help): p \\查看当前分区
Disk /dev/sdb: 214.7 GB, 214748364800 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 26108 cylinders, total 419430400 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0xc3e2b567
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 2048 419430399 209714176 83 Linux
Command (m for help): t \\改变分区类型
Selected partition 1
Hex code (type L to list codes): 8e \\更改为LVM类型分区
Changed system type of partition 1 to 8e (Linux LVM)
Command (m for help): w \\ 保存退出
The partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.root@HOSTNAME:~# partprobe \使用partprobe指令更新内核的中硬盘分区表
root@HOSTNAME:~# pvcreate /dev/sdb1 \创建新的PV
Physical volume “/dev/sdb1” successfully created
root@HOSTNAME:~# pvscan \新创建的PV尚未加入任何VG组
PV /dev/sdb1 lvm2 [200.00 GiB] Total: 1 [200.00 GiB] / in use: 0 [0 ] / in no VG: 1 [200.00 GiB]
root@HOSTNAME:~# vgdisplay \查看VG组的详细信息 “No volume groups found”
root@HOSTNAME:~# vgcreate ubuntu /dev/sdb1 \\创建卷组 'ubuntu', 挂载/dev/sdb1
Volume group "ubuntu" successfully created
root@HOSTNAME:~# lvdisplay
--- Logical volume ---
LV Name /dev/ubuntu/bigdata
VG Name ubuntu
LV UUID rQJZJs-wO2V-pZTy-WcEZ-3rA6-Byo8-LheED7
LV Write Access read/write
LV Status available
# open 0
LV Size 199.00 GiB
Current LE 50944
Segments 1
Allocation inherit
Read ahead sectors auto
- currently set to 256
Block device 252:0逻辑卷组（VG）创建好了，现在在上边创建逻辑卷
root@HOSTNAME:~# lvcreate -n bigdata -L 199G ubuntu \在逻辑卷组
‘ubuntu’（VG）上创建大小为199GB的逻辑卷（LV），其名称为bigdata “Logical volume “bigdata” created”
> 如果要删除逻辑卷, lvremove /dev/ubuntu/bigdata
> 逻辑卷（LV）创建完毕之后，在mount之前，还可以做调整
root@HOSTNAME:~# lvremove /dev/ubuntu/bigdata \\删除逻辑卷
root@HOSTNAME:~# lvextend -L 200G /dev/ubuntu/bigdata \\ 这条命令把名为bigdata的逻辑卷（LV）的空间大小增至200G
root@HOSTNAME:~# lvreduce -L 199G /dev/ubuntu/bigdata \\ 这条命令把bigdata的逻辑卷（LV）的空间大小缩减至199G
root@HOSTNAME:~# lvrename ubuntu/bigdata superdata \\ 这条命令把ubuntu卷组中(VG)的逻辑卷（LV）bigdata 改名为 superdata接下来，就是要在逻辑卷上创建文件系统了，这个文件系统是要和挂载点的文件系统一致的.
root@HOSTNAME:~# mkfs.ext4 /dev/ubuntu/bigdata
mke2fs 1.42 (29-Nov-2011)
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=4096 (log=2)
Fragment size=4096 (log=2)
Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
13041664 inodes, 52166656 blocks
2608332 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=4294967296
1592 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
8192 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208,
4096000, 7962624, 11239424, 20480000, 23887872
Allocating group tables: done
Writing inode tables: done
Creating journal (32768 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done做好之后，就可以挂载逻辑卷了.
root@HOSTNAME:~# mkdir /bigdata
root@HOSTNAME:~# mount /dev/ubuntu/bigdata /bigdata考虑到服务器重启之后逻辑卷是不会自动挂载的，所以需要修改/etc/fstab文件，sudo vim /etc/fstab,增加
/dev/ubuntu/bigdata /bigdata ext4 rw,noatime 0 0如果要添加新磁盘 /dev/sdb2 到VG ubuntu组
vgextend ubuntu /dev/sdb2如果要将VG组中的free空间划出4G到/分区所在的LV
root@HOSTNAME:~# lvextend -L +4G /dev/ubuntu/bigdata
Extending logical volume root to 8.49 GiB
Logical volume root successfully resized使用resizefs2命令重新加载逻辑卷的大小才能生效
resize2fs /dev/ubuntu/bigdata